chinese jade culture(全英文)概要1.pptVIP

The History of Ancient Chinese Jade(玉) Culture “Jade” refers to a fine, beautiful stone with a warm color and rich luster(光泽), which is skillfully and delicately carved. In Chinese culture, jade symbolizes nobility, perfection, constancy, and immortality. Jade has been an intimate part of the lives of Chinese of all ranks and classes. contents 2 Part 1 The Period of Myth and Magic Part 2 The Period of Development and Order Part 3 The Period of Art The history of Chinese jade culture can be divided into three broad chronological(按时间顺序) periods. 1 The Period of Myth and Magic 2 From B.C. 4000 to B.C. 2000, several cultures began to develop in pre-historic China, centering in mainly three regions. During this period, jade was a reflection of the cultural beliefs prevailing of the time when people expressed and recorded their mythological and religious beliefs in jade. Hong Shan Culture magnum opus(代表作) The pig dragon is symbolic of fertility and wealth while the eagle is symbolic of the mythical bird, the only animal that could fly from Earth to Heaven, and hence acted as a messenger between Heaven and Men. Liang Zhu Culture And Long Shan Culture In Liang Zhu Culture and Long Shan Culture, many jades such as Cong(玉琮) ,Bi-disk (玉壁) or Gui tablet (玉圭) were certainly used for ceremonial or ritual purposes. They were precursors(前身) to the Shang and Zhou jades. The round heaven, and the rectangular earth In ancient China, the firmament was considered to be round, and the earth square. Thus a round jade ceremonial ornament with a hole in the center, was carved to honor the gods of heaven, and a long hollow jade ornament with rectangular sides, was made to honor the spirits of earth. 玉琮之王 2 The Period of Development and Order Shang, Zhou and Spring and Autumn saw a rapid development in jades，and it was evident that members of the noble class valued jades highly. Confucius