虚拟语气(共40张PPT).ppt

* If they were attacked, these cars would be strong enough to protect them. 从句谓语动词: 一般过去时(be用were) 主句谓语动词: should/would/could/might+动词原形 与现在事实相反 if引导的条件从句 例　句 用　法 类　别 1. 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用 If it rained/ were to rain/ should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. 从句谓语动词: 一般过去时/were+不定式 /should+动词原形 主句谓语动词: should/would/could/ might+动词原形 与将来事实相反 If he had not been in an open car, he wouldn’t have been shot. 从句谓语动词: had+过去分词 主句谓语动词: should/would/could/ might +have+过去分词 与过去事实相反 if引导的条件从句 例　句 用　法 类　别 Had we made a great effort, we might have succeeded. (=If we had made a great effort. . . ) 如果在表示虚拟语气的条件句中含有were, had或should, 可将if省略, 然后将were, had或should移至主语之前 if引导的条件从句的倒装 例　句 用　法 类 别 注意: 在此结构中，had为助动词。若为谓语动词，则 不能省略、倒装。试比较： If you had come earlier，you would catch the bus. Had you come earlier，you would catch the bus.(正) 如果你能来得早一点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If I had time，I would go with you. Had I time，I would go with you. (误) 如果我有时间，我就跟你一起去。 补充： 1. 在错综时间条件句中的运用 当if虚拟条件句中表示的动作和主句表示的动作所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整(从句表示过去时间用had done，主句谓语用would do；从句表示现在时间用were，主句谓语用would have done)。 e.g. If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would be quite all right now. 如果你听从了医生的建议，你现在早就好了。 (从句叙述与过去事实相反，主句叙述与现在 事实相反) He would pass the test if he had taken my advice. 如果他听了我的劝告，他现在就会通过考试了。 If I were you, I would have taken his advice. 如果我是你的话, 我早接纳他的建议了。(从句叙 述与现在事实相反，主句叙述与过去事实相反) 2. 在含蓄虚拟条件句中的运用 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句，其主要用法及表现形式如下： (1) 将条件隐含在分词短语中 Born in better times, he would have been a scholar. (＝If he had been born in better times, he would...) 如果出生在好时代，他早就成为学者了。 Failing this time, what would you do? (＝If you failed this time, what would...) 假若这次失败，那你怎么办？ (2) 将条件隐含在名词短语中 A few hours earlier, and you would have seen the famous writer. (＝If you had come a few hours earlier, you...) 要是你早来几个小时，你就能见到这位著名的作家了。 (3) 将条件隐含在定语从句中 Anyone who had seen that painting might have taken it for a photo. (＝If anyo