John_Steinbeck约翰斯坦贝克概要1.pptVIP

John Steinbeck Life Experiences Born: February 27,1902; 132 Central Avenue, Salinas, CA (what is now the reception room of the Steinbeck House) Graduated from Salinas High School--June 1919 Attended Stanford University--1919-1925. Died in New York because of heart attack in December 20,1968 Political Views His wife was a Marxist He did attend at least one communist party meeting, but he was not a party member On Socialism: socialism is just another form of religion, and thus delusional. Later, Socialists and Marxists criticized him for not being committed enough. Major Works Cup of Gold, 1929 (first novel) 《金杯》 The Pastures of Heaven, 1932 (second novel) 《天堂牧场》 To a God unknown, 1933 (third novel) 《大地的象征》 Tortilla Flat, 1935 《煎饼坪》 第一部大获成功的作品 In Dubious Battle, 1936 《胜负未决的战斗》 Of Mice and Men, 1937 《人鼠之间》 The Red Pony, 1937 《小红马 》 The Grapes of Wrath, 1939 《愤怒的葡萄》 Cannery Row, 1945 《罐头工厂街》 The Pearl, 1947 《珍珠》 East of Eden, 1951 《伊甸园以东》 Travels with Charley, 1961 《同查理的旅行 》 Of Mice and Men 故事情节简单，涵盖的时间不超过三天，地点是一个美国加州的一个牧场。描写两个相互扶持的好朋友（George曾骗老板他们是表兄弟）——一位是精明的乔治（George），一位是轻度智障儿雷尼（Lennie）。雷尼因为社会适应较差，老是犯错，搞的两人无奈地到处换工作。在富人奥谢（Tyler Ranch）的牧场里，他们努力工作编织梦想，乔治答应雷尼如果他听话不要闯祸，将来就可以为自己照顾一窝的兔子，眼看着梦想就要成真。有一次雷尼失手勒死了奥谢儿子柯利的太太梅，铸成大错，为了躲避的农场伙计们的追打，雷尼逃跑了。当伙计们争先恐后地追杀雷尼时，乔治为了不让雷尼被农场伙计们杀死并受到侮辱，抢先找到雷尼。他举起枪来，把枪口挨近雷尼的后脑杓，将他射杀。 这部小说用来讽刺社会对弱者的歧视，反而不如雷尼对老鼠的疼惜，《人鼠之间》曾因“语言亵渎，带攻击性，并有种族主义倾向”被视为禁书。 Of Mice and Men He won the New York Drama Critics’ Circle Award in 1938. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1962. “for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humor and keen social perception” 被誉为”触及了真正扎根于美国生活的主题。“这部小说使斯坦贝克的名字在美国家喻户晓。? The Grapes of Wrath 小说主人公约德刑满被释回家，发现家乡一片荒芜，只得携家乘坐一辆破旧的汽车到西部谋生，在那里的一个农场做工。一家人拼命干活，只能勉强糊口，农场主还不断地压低工资。农工们奋起反抗，举行罢工，警察前来镇压，牧师凯绥同情农工，被武装流氓打死。约德将凶手击毙，只得再次背井离乡。这部作品，反映了广大人民群众对现存社会的日益不满和叛逆精神，具有鲜明的时代特征。 Themes of The Grapes of Wrath 1 class conflict 2 Individual Vs. Society 3 Commitment 4 Man’s Inhumanity to Man