lesson4 die as you choose概要1.pptVIP

usher in：herald 预报，宣告。 如：usher in a new age of prosperity 宣告新的繁荣时期的到来。 The rising sun ushered in a new day. 太阳的升起宣告新的一天开始了。 Lesson 4 Die as You Choose Mercy-killing or Euthanasia 安乐死指对无法救治的病人停止治疗或使用药物，让病人无痛苦地死去。 “安乐死”一词源于希腊文，意思是幸福地死亡。它包括两层含义，一是安乐的无痛苦死亡；二是无痛致死术。 中国的定义指患不治之症的病人在垂危状态下，由于精神和躯体的极端痛苦，在病人和其亲友的要求下，经医生认可，用人道方法使病人在无痛苦状态中结束生命过程。[1 实施方法 注射氰化物 注射催眠剂使患者入眠的情况下，注射氰化物而导致患者死亡。 口服安眠药 口服安眠药品，使患者入眠，再注射有呼吸抑制作用的中枢麻醉剂，这里的麻醉剂通常是指一些会导致窒息的强力镇静药品。 注射凝血剂 凝血剂的作用机制主要是作用于人体的血液蛋白的凝血因子，造成血液的凝结，形成血栓，造成血管的阻塞。 中国现状 安乐死的问题在中国尚未正式讨论，但促使安乐死问题激化的那些先进的医疗技术，在中国已大量引进并推广。1988年7月5日，中华医学会、中国自然辩证法研究会、中国社会科学院哲学研究所、中国法学会、上海医科大学以及其他有关单位，联合发起召开了“安乐死”学术讨论会。与会的各界代表一致认为，尽管中国在实际工作中，安乐死，特别是消极的安乐死几乎经常可以遇到（积极的安乐死，在中国已经公布至少7个案例，实际上大大超过此数），通常并不引起法律纠纷，但是考虑到中国的具体情况，还不存在为安乐死立法的条件。讨论中出现的分歧意见与国外大体相同。 热议 Die as You Choose 1 The need for laws on euthanasia cannot be dodged for much longer. 2 In one of the world’s smaller countries, mercy-killing is accepted by the medical establishment and openly practiced a few thousand times each year. In one of the world’s biggest countries, euthanasia is condemned by the medical establishment, secretly practiced many times more often, and almost never comes to light. Which of these countries has a mercy-killing doctor now languishing in its jails? It is the small one, Holland, which has rules for euthanasia and so can police it effectively. The Dutch doctor broke his country’s rules. There is a moral here for all the countries, and not just for the big death-forbidding country, America. Right now it is going over the arguments about euthanasia once again. 3 In January the Journal of the American Medical Association published a bizarre letter, in which an anonymous doctor claimed to have killed a 20-year-old cancer patient at her own request. This started a debate that will rumble on into the autumn, when Californians may vote on a proposed law legalizing euthanasia. The letter was probably written for polemical impact. It is scarcely credible. It’s author claims t