linux文件系统管理概要1.docxVIP

(判断文件类型的命令：file)(练习：在虚拟机上添加一块硬盘后重新启动机器，在命令行下查看：[root@localhost ~]# dmesg |grepsdb------》出现如下信息证明硬盘加载成功!sd 2:0:1:0: [sdb]512-byte logical blocks: (10.7 GB/10.0 GiB)sd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Write Protect is offsd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 61 00 00 00sd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Cache data unavailablesd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write throughsd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Cache data unavailablesd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write throughsdb: unknown partition tablesd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Cache data unavailablesd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write throughsd 2:0:1:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk划分分区常用的几个选项：m:帮助p: 显示分区表n：添加新分区t: 改变分区文件系统类型d: 删除分区w: 保存分区并退出q: 不保存退出)（/etc/fstab文件解释：/dev/cdrom /mntiso9660 defaults 00物理分区名/卷标挂载点文件类型缺省设置是否检测（0/1）检测顺序(0/1/2)Acl:[root@peng ~]# ls -ld /redhat/drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 24 03:18 /redhat/[root@peng ~]# su - user1[user1@peng ~]$ cd /redhat/[user1@peng redhat]$ touch filetouch: cannot touch `file: Permission denied----------》此时权限不够！[root@peng ~]# setfacl -m u:user1:rwx /redhat/-----对/redhat文件增加acl权限[root@peng ~]# ls -ld /redhat/drwxrwxr-x+ 2 root root 4096 Sep 24 03:18 /redhat/[root@peng ~]# su - user1[user1@peng ~]$ cd /redhat/[user1@peng redhat]$ touch file.txt----------》再次切换到user1用户下可以创建文件！[user1@peng redhat]$ lltotal 0-rw-rw-r--. 1 user1 user1 0 Sep 24 03:21 file.txt[root@peng ~]# su - user2-----------》切换到其他用户则操作不被允许！[user2@peng ~]$ cd /redhat/[user2@peng redhat]$ touch file2touch: cannot touch `file2: Permission denied[root@peng data]# mount /dev/sda13 /data/[root@peng data]# df -hFilesystemSize Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda2 9.9G 6.0G 3.5G 64% /tmpfs 497M 72K 497M 1% /dev/shm/dev/sda1 194M 29M 156M 16% /boot/dev/sda3 1008M 134M 824M 14% /home/dev/sr0 3.5G 3.5G 0 100% /mnt/dev/sda13 198M 5.8M 182M 4% /data[root@peng data]# setfacl -m u:user1:rwx /redhat/[root@peng data]# setfacl -m u:user1:rwx /data/setfacl: /dat