专四语法精装版概要1.ppt

考点四 固定搭配 cannot / hardly / never / scarcely too …to… “越……越好；无论……也/都不过分”。 You cannot be too careful to cross the street. 你过街时越小心越好。 can’t (help/choose) but 不得不,只能,不禁 I cannot help but tell her the truth. 我只能告诉她真相。 解题思路 一、首先抓住主谓结构，确定主句 没有连接词 只有一个主语 二、分析主动被动 分析语态就是在确定主语之后，分析非谓语动词和主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。 如果非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，则用现在分词； 如果非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，则用过去分词； 如果表示将来，则用动词不定式。 三、分析动作先后 要考虑动作发生的时间先后，即时态。 独立主格: 句中没有连接词，逗号分开两个句子，存在两个主语 形式：名词/代词＋分词 在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为: 独立主格的分类： (1) -ING分词(还有-ED分词)短语作状语时，有自己独立的逻辑上的“主语”。相当于各种形式的状语，表示一种伴随的动作或情况,或表原因 There being nothing more for discussion, the meeting was over half an hour earlier. (2).介词（ with）+名词+形容词，副词+现在分词或过去分词，表示陪村行动做或补充说明 例如：He lay on his back, with his arm behind his head （3）独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, 表示时间、原因、条件等, 例如： He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. (伴随情况) The shower being over, we continued to march. (时间) So many students being absent, we decided to put the meeting off. (原因) Weather permitting, we’ll have an outing tomorrow. (条件) All things considered, her paper is of greater value than yours. 例题 Great efforts to increase wheat production must be made if bread shortages ____ avoided. A) will be B) are to be C) can be D) were to be There are more than 50 proposals ____ at the conference. A)to discuss B) to be discussed C) discussing D) having been discussed John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________, he gladly accepted it. A．finished B．finishing C．having finished D．was finished —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. —Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down. A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled 常接动名词做宾语的词 M指mind(介意), miss(逃过), mention(提及) P指prevent, postpone, practice 2r指risk(冒险), resist(抵制) c指consider(考虑） a指admit(承认), avoid(避免), appreciate(感激), f指 fancy(幻想), finish(完成)，feel like(喜欢) e指enjoy(