管理学第十章组织结构与设计.ppt

9.4 組織設計之今日挑戰 Keeping Employees Connected Widely dispersed and mobile employees Building a Learning Organization Managing Global Structural Issues Cultural implications of design elements *員工努力工作最重要。 組織設計是手段，可支持與促進員工執行工作。 * 1. 簡單結構 4. 團隊編組 2. 功能結構 5. 專案與矩陣結構 3. 部門結構 6. 無邊界組織 7. 學習型組織 討論： 1. 大潤發採購部品保組，遠航飛安室 2. 自主團隊有多自主？讓大象跳舞？ 3. 虛擬組織？ 4. 從不同球類比賽學習組織設計 9.3 組織設計之應用：七個常見實例 Traditional Designs 1. Simple structure 簡單結構 Low departmentalization, wide spans of control, centralized authority, little formalization 2. Functional structure 功能結構 Departmentalization by function Operations, finance, human resources, and product research and development 3. Divisional structure 部門結構 Composed of separate business units or divisions with limited autonomy under the coordination and control the parent corporation. * Contemporary Designs 4. Team structures 團隊編組 The entire organization is made up of work groups or self-managed teams of empowered employees. 5. Matrix and project structures 專案與矩陣結構 Specialists from different functional departments are assigned to work on projects led by project managers. Matrix and project participants have two managers. In project structures, employees work continuously on projects; moving on to another project as each project is completed. * A Matrix Organization in an Aerospace Firm * 6. Boundaryless Organization 無邊界組織 An flexible and unstructured organizational design. Removes internal (horizontal) boundaries: Eliminates the chain of command Has limitless spans of control Uses empowered teams rather than departments Eliminates external boundaries: Uses virtual, network, and modular organizational structures to get closer to stakeholders. e.g. Nike * 7. Learning Organization 學習型組織 An organization that has developed the capacity to continuously learn, adapt, and change through the practice of knowledge management by employees. * Organizational De