利用带限信号外推及波形反演测量动扰度.pdfVIP

利用带限信号外推及波形反演测量动挠度 刘进明 1，2 应怀樵2 严普强3 1 清华大学航天航空学院 北京100084 2 北京东方振动和噪声技术研究所 北京10085 3 清华大学精密仪器系 北京10084 摘要 ：火车高速通过桥梁时，将产生动挠度。要测量动挠度，以前必须依赖光电设备。直 接安装在桥上的传感器，无法测量动挠度。这是因为动挠度信号以低频为主，主要能量集中 在 2Hz 以下，而无论何种传感器，总有一段超低频区间无法测量；另外由于传感器的幅频 相频特性，所测的信号和实际物理信号相比，已发生了畸变。本文利用带限信号外推及波形 反演，可将普通传感器测得的信号恢复成物理信号。通过此方法，利用安装在桥上的普通传 感器，即可直接测量动挠度，使得测量设备更为经济，测量过程更为便捷。此原理也可扩展 到后阶跃位移或前阶跃位移的计算，测量起重机吊臂的静挠度。文章最后通过大量的实验数 据对此方法进行了验证，结果表明，方法完全可行。 Measuring Dynamic Deflection by Band-limited signal extrapolation and waveform recovery Liu Jin-ming 1,2 Ying Huai-Qiao 2 Yan Pu-Qiang 3 1．Aerospace and Aviation Academy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084 2 ．China Orient Institute of Noise Vibration, Beijing 100085 3 ．Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084 Abstract: The dynamic deflection will be caused when train pass the bridge with high speed. To measure the dynamic deflect, only the photoelectric equipment can be used before. The transducer which is installed on bridge directly can’t be used. Because the main energy of dynamic deflection signal is concentrated bellow 2Hz while for any transducer there is some super low frequency district which can not be measured directly; besides, by the influence of the transducer frequency character and phase character, the measured signal is deformed compare to the real physical signal. In this paper, by band-limitd signal extrapolation and waveform recovery, the measured signal of common transducer can be recovered to physical signal. By this method, the dynamic deflection can be measured directly with the transducer which installed on bridge. So the measuring equipment will be more economic and the measuring process will be more convenient. This princ