一语习得First Language Acqusition.pptx

First Language Acquisition;Introduction;1. Stages of Researches on First Language Acquisition  in ModernTimes;First Stage;Second Stage;Third Stage;Fourth Stage ;2. Helpfulness to Learn First Language Acquisition ;3. Language Development from Babyhood to School Age ;As they reach the end of their first year, children make specific attempts to imitate words and speech sounds they hear around them, and about this time they utter their first “words.” ;By about 18 months of age, these words have multiplied considerably and are beginning to appear in two-word and three-word “sentences”一commonly referred to as “telegraphic” utterances—such as “allgone milk,” “bye-bye Daddy,” “gimme toy,” and so forth. The production tempo now begins to increase as more and more words are spoken every day and more and more combinations of two- and three-word sentences are uttered. ;By about age three, children can comprehend an incredible quantity of linguistic input; their speech capacity mushrooms as they become the generators of nonstop chattering and incessant conversation, language thereby becoming a mixed blessing for those around them! This fluency continues into school age as children internalize increasingly complex structures, expand their vocabulary, and sharpen communicative skills. ;At school age, children not only learn what to say but what not to say as they learn the social functions of their language. ;4. Major Theories on First Language Acquisition ;Behavioristic Approaches;ideas about learning representatives their assumptions on FLA criticisms issues ;What are the basic behaviouristic ideas about learning? Conditioning Habit formation The importance of the ‘environment’ ;Conditioning Learning is seen as a question of developing connections (known as stimulus-response bonds) between events. The process of developing connections is called conditioning. ;Habit formation Behaviorists believed that learning was a mechanical process of habit formation. When the beh