南方园林张贵昭概要1.ppt

南方园林Gardens in Southern China 中国园林可分为御花园和私家花园两类。 前者多见于北方，后者则多见于南方，尤以苏州 、无锡和南京三地为甚。 Chinese gardens can be classified into two groups, the imperial and the private. The former can be found mainly in northern China, whereas the latter are largely distributed in southern China and among them Suzhou, Wuxi and Nanjing have the largest number of private gardens. 南方私家花园中的溪、桥、山、亭、小巧玲珑，布局精明，尽显其自然美，令人赏心悦目 。 桥大多为石桥， 有直桥、 曲桥、拱桥。 In southern private gardens, you will feel pleasant to see the small and exquisite streams, bridges, rockeries and pavilions which are cleverly laid out and reveal the natural beauty of their own. Most of the bridges are made of stone and can be divided into straight, winding and arched bridges. 直桥其实是一块不加装饰的石板， 通常与河岸或河水齐高，给人一种临水的感觉。 曲桥设有低栏杆， 西湖上的九曲桥就属此桥。 In fact, the straight bridge is a stone slab without any decorations, which usually levels with the river bank or with the river to let the visitors feel as if they were above the waters. The winding bridges have low railings and the Nine-bend Bridge in West Lake is included in this category. 相得益彰 指两个人或两件事物互相配合双方的能力和作用更能显示出来。浑然一体。完整不可分割。融合成一个整体，形容不可分割 拱桥可以分为单拱桥和多拱桥两种。 园内的小溪虽占地不多，却同小桥与石屿相得益彰，浑然一体。 The arched bridges can be divided into single-arched bridges and multi-arched bridges. The streams in the gardens do not cover a large area, but are in a perfect match with bridges and islets. 石头与假山是中国南方园林的特色。 奇形怪状的石头常带有引人注目的波纹线条和水孔。 Rocks and rockeries are features of southern Chinese gardens. The grotesque stones are impressive for their wave-like lines and water holes. 硕大的石头可自成一景， 而较小的石块则堆积成假山， 为园林增添无比魅力。 走廊是中国园林的另一大特色， 有河边的河廊， 花丛中的花廊， 柳树丛中的柳廊，竹林中的竹廊。 Huge stones can form scenery of their own, however smaller ones can only be piled up to artificial hills to let the garden become more charming. Corridors are another feature of Chinese gardens and they can be built in different places, such as corridors along the banks, corridors among blossoms, corridors surrounded by willows and corridors