白术白绢病病原生物学特性及其防治药剂筛选.pdfVIP

浙江农业学报Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis 19(6)：439～443，2007 白术白绢病病原生物学特性及其防治药剂筛选 茹水江，王汉荣，王连平，方 丽，任海英 (浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所，浙江杭州310021) 摘 要：白术白绢病菌的菌丝生长和菌核产生最适培养基为PDA，菌丝在pH值3～9范围内均能生长，pH为 4．0～6．0时生长最快，pH值为5时菌核产生量最大，菌核在pH值为4．0～9．0均能萌发，pH值为5～7时菌 核萌发最适；白术白绢病菌菌丝生长、菌核产生和萌发的最适温度均为30~C；明确了其对不同碳源、氮源的利 用情况。菌丝致死温度为55％，10 min，菌核的致死温度为60℃，10 min，试验表明甲基立枯灵等9种药剂对白 术白绢病菌丝生长有较好的抑制作用，20％甲基立枯灵、50％甲托在田间对白术白绢病有较好的防治效果。 关键词：白术；白绢病；生物学特性；药剂防治 中图分类号：$432 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1(104一l524(2O07)06—0439—05 Biological characteristics of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc Koidz and its fungicide screening RU Shui-jiang，WANG Han-rang，WANG Lian-ping，FANG Li，REN Hai-ying (Institute ofPlant Pro~ctmn and Microbiology，Zhefiang Academy ofAgricultural Sciences，Hangzhou 310021，China) Abstract：The optimum medium for mycelia growth and selerotia production of Sclerotium rolfsii was PDA．The range of pH formycelia growthWas 3—9，andthe optimumformycelia growthandfor amount of sclerotia productionWas4．0—6．0 and 5，respeetively．Selerotia could germinate between pH4and pH9，andthe optimumwas 5．0—7．0．The optimumtempera— ture for hyphae growth，selerotia production and germination Was 30~C．1ethal temperature of the mycelia Was 55~C for ten minutes and that of the sclerotia Was 60oC for ten mlnutes．The results showed that nine kinds of different fungicides had stronger inhibitory effects to mycelia growth of S．rolfsii．In which，tolclofos—methyl and thiophanate—methyl were more effec— tive than other fungicides on S．rolfsii in the field． Key words：Atractylodes macrocephaia Koidz；Sclerotium rolfsii Sace；biological characteristics；fungicide control 白术(Atractylodes macrocephaia Koidz)是菊 量好、加工考究独特而行销国内外。由罗氏白绢 科多年生草本植物，为一种重要的中药材，素有 小菌核菌 (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc)引起的白术白 “南方人参”之称，也是闻名中外的“浙八味”之 绢病是影响白术产量与品质的最重要因素，常年 一 。 白术以根茎