暖通专业英语课件.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Pumice n. 轻石, 浮石 Bats n.三角网衣 Fast a.紧的, 牢的, 忠实的, 快速的, 耐久的; n. v.斋戒,绝食 Furred a.长着软毛的, 穿毛皮的, 毛皮制的 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * HEAT TRANSFER AUGMENTATION TECHNIQUES As discussed by Bergles (1998), techniques applied to augment (enhance) heat transfer can be classified as passive methods, which require no direct application of external power, or as active schemes, which require external power. Examples of passive techniques include rough surfaces, extended surfaces, and vortex flow devices. Examples of active techniques include mechanical aids, surface vibration, fluid vibration, and electrostatic fields. The effectiveness of a given augmentation technique depends largely on the mode of heat transfer or the type of heat exchanger to which it is applied. Prevention and Treatment of Disease Relative humidity has a significant effect on the control of airborne infection. At 50% rh, the mortality rate of certain organisms is highest, and the influenza virus loses much of its virulence. The mortality rate decreases both above and below this value. High humidity can support the growth of pathogenic or allergenic organisms. Relative humidity in habitable spaces should be maintained between 30 and 60%. Potential Bacterial Growth Certain microorganisms are occasionally present in poorly maintained humidifiers. To deter the propagation and spread of these detrimental microorganisms, periodic cleaning of the humidifier and draining of the reservoir (particularly at the end of the humidification season) are required. Cold water reservoir atomizing room humidifiers have been banned in some hospitals because of germ propagation. Human Comfort The complete effect of relative humidity on all aspects of human comfort has not yet been established. For thermal comfort, higher temperature is gener