珠宝鉴赏english.ppt

材料学院C168 tele mobile GEMSTONE ENHANCEMENT AND ITS DETECTION IN THE 2000S Shane F. McClure, Robert E. Kane, and Nicholas Sturman ABOUT THE AUTHORS Mr.McClure is director of West Coast Identification Services at the GIA Laboratory in Carlsbad California Mr. Kane is president and CEO of Fine lnternational in Helena Montana. Mr. sturman is supervisor of Pearl Identification at the GIA Laboratory in Bangkok GEMSTONE ENHANCEMENT 1.THERMAL ENHANCEMENT 2.DIFFUSION TREATMENT 3.CLARITY ENHANCEMENT 4.IRRADIATION AND COMBINED TREATMENTS 5.SURFACE COATING 6.DYEING 7.BLEACHING 8.IMPREGNATION 9.LUSTER ENHANCEMENT /cugFirst/special_gem/gem/vocabulary/ Advances in technology and increased demand for lower-priced gem materials contributed to the proliferation of new treatments throughout the first decade of the 2000s. The developments that made the most difference were the diffusion treatment of corundum with beryllium, diffusion of copper into feldspar, clarity enhancement of ruby and diamond, and heat treatment of diamond, ruby, and sapphire. Gemological laboratories and researchers have done their best to keep up with these treatments, and the jewelry trade has struggled with how to disclose them. This article summarizes these developments and the methods used to identify the various enhancements. Another decade has passed since we reviewed the events of the 1990s as they pertained to gemstone enhancements and their detection (McClure and Smith, 20001. At that time, we observed that the issue of disclosure (and, especially, the failure to disclose) had caused major upheaval in all areas of the jewelry industry. We ended that retrospective article by stating there would be no end to fresh challenges in treatment identification and disclosure as we entered the new millennium . The 2000s certainly lived up to our expectations. There were treatments discovered that no one suspected were possible. There were crises of disclosure that resu