第五章 XSL介绍.ppt

第五章 XSLT The Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) includes both a transformation language and a formatting language. XSL Transformations The transformation language provides elements that define rules for how one XML document is transformed into another XML document. There’s also special support for outputting HTML. Thus XSLT is designed primarily for XML-to-XML and XML-to-HTML transformations. Trees An XSLT processor accepts as input a tree represented as an XML document and produces as output a new tree, also represented as an XML document. Trees Thus, XSLT processors model an XML document as a tree that contains seven kinds of nodes: The root Elements Text Attributes Namespaces Processing instructions Comments XSLT style sheet documents An XSLT document contains template rules. A template rule has a pattern specifying the nodes it matches and a template to be instantiated and output when the pattern is matched. Where does the XML transformation happen? The XML document and associated style sheet are both served to the client (Web browser), which then transforms the document as specified by the style sheet and presents it to the user. The server applies an XSLT style sheet to an XML document to transform it to some other format (generally HTML) and sends the transformed document to the client (Web browser). A third program transforms the original XML document into some other format (often HTML) before the document is placed on the server. Both server and client only deal with the transformed document. Direct display of XML files with XSLT style sheets ?xml version=”1.0”? ?xml:stylesheet type=”text/xsl” href=”17-2.xsl”? XSL Templates Each xsl:template element has a match attribute that specifies which nodes of the input document the template is instantiated for. The content of the xsl:template element is the actual template to be instantiated. A template may contain both text that will appear literally in the output document and XSLT instructions that copy data fro