第八章 修辞与翻译.ppt

1. 明喻 1）她的脸色苍白而带光泽，仿佛大理石似的；一双眼睛又黑又大，在黯淡的囚房中，宝石似的闪着晶莹的光。 Her face was pale and yet as lustrous as marble, and her large, black eyes sparkled like jewels in that murky cell. 2）He drove as if possessed by the devil. 他着魔似的驾车狂奔。 2． 暗喻 1）何等动人的一页又一页篇章！这是人类思维的花朵。 What inspiring chapters! They are the flowers of the human brainwork. 2）Jane’s uncle is an old fox, up to all kinds of evils. 珍妮的叔叔是个老狐狸，什么坏事都干得出来。 3．拟人 1）群山肃立，江河挥泪，辽阔的祖国大地沉浸在巨大的悲痛之中。 The mountains are standing in solemn silence; the rivers are shedding bitter tears; our vast motherland is soaked in enormous grief. 2）How soon hath Time, the subtle thief of youth, stolen on his wing my three and twentieth year. 时间，这个盗窃青春的狡猾的小偷，盗窃了我二十又三年飞走了。 4． 夸张 1）我从乡下跑到京城里，一转眼已经六年了。 Six years have passed by in a twinkle since I came to the capital city from the countryside. 2）He ran down the avenue, making a noise like ten horses at a gallop. 他在林荫道上跑着，发出的声音就像十匹马在奔腾。 5． 讳饰 Euphemism 1）尤氏道：“我也暗暗地叫人预备了。——就是那件东西，不得好木头，且慢慢地办着罢。” “I’ve secretly sent people to get things prepared. But they haven’t found good wood for that thing yet, so we have to wait.” 2）His daughter is rather weak in the head. 他的女儿脑子不太好使。 6． Metonymy 转喻 1）秃头站在白背心的略略正对面，弯了腰，去研究背心上的文字。 Baldy, standing almost directly opposite White Jerkin, stooped to study the characters written on his jerkin. 2）Paper and ink cut the throats of men, and the sound of a breath may shake the world. 纸墨能割断人的喉管，嗓音能震动整个世界。 7． 反语 Irony 1）根据报纸上官方介绍，他是天底下头等大好人，浑身上下毫无缺点，连肚脐眼都没有。 According to the official write-ups in the papers, he’s the best man in the world. He doesn’t have a single defect in his whole body. Why, he doesn’t have a belly-button! 2）What a noble illustration of the tender laws of his favoured country! —they let the paupers go to sleep! 以此说明他那行善的国家的仁慈法律是多么有意义的例证！——他们竟然允许穷人睡觉！ 8． 排比 1）延安的歌声是黑夜的火把，雪天的煤炭，大旱的甘霖。 Songs of Yan’an are torches in the dark night, charcoal fire in the snowy weather, and timely rainfall in a severe drought. 2）The seed you sow, another reaps; The weal