应用光学echapter 1概要1.pptVIP

Chapter 1 Basic Principles of Geometrical Optics The contents in chapter 1: The requirements for imaging 1.1 Wave and ray 1.1 Wave and ray In essence, light is electromagnetic wave. Light propagation in practice is wave propagation. Visible light: wavelengths between 400nm and 760nm Infrared: wavelength is longer than visible lightUltraviolet: wavelength is shorter than visible light Visible light: 400-760nm Monochromatic light: Light of a single wavelength Multicolor light: light composes of light waves of different wavelengths The studying object of geometrical optics  and the concept of ray Subject investigated Without considering the light’s nature Study on the laws and phenomena of the light’s propagation The concept of rays The relationship between wavefront and ray Wavefront：The surface reached by wave propagation at any time 1. The classification of the light propagation phenomena 2. Basic laws of geometrical optics 1.6 Classification of optical systems and concept of imaging All kinds of optical instruments are designed and manufactured for various purposes Microscopes: to observe tiny objects Telescopes: to observe objects that are far away Various optical elements - reflecting mirrors, lenses and prisms Optical system: The system combined by elements arranged in a certain way in order to meet the requirements of a specific application. Concepts of some terms Image: The cross point of emergent rays. Real image point: The actual point formed by the real emergent rays. Virtual image point: The point formed by the prolongations of the emergent rays. Image space: The space where the image lies. Real image space: The space behind the last surface of the optical system. Virtual image space: The space in front of the last surface. The whole image space includes the real image space and the virtual image space. Determinatio