长江上游川中紫色土丘陵区小流域泥沙输移比空间尺度效应研究.pdfVIP

第 27卷第 6期 水土保持通报 Vo1．27。NO．6 2007年 12月 Bulletin of Soll and Water Conservation Dec．。2007 长江上游川中紫色土丘陵区小流域 泥沙输移比空间尺度效应研究 高旭彪 ，孙厚才。，赵永军 ，高照良。 (1．水利部水土保持监测中心，北京100053；2．长江科学院水土保持研究所，湖北武汉430010； 3．西北农林科技大学中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所，陕西杨凌712100) 摘 要：应用分形理论空间尺度效应原理，采用 Cs同位素示踪法测定小流域多年平均侵蚀模数和调查 紫色土丘陵区不同小流域多年平均淤积模数的方法，探讨了泥沙输移比与小流域集雨面积的关系，得出了 长江上游川中紫色土丘陵区小流域泥沙输移比空间尺度效应泥沙输移比(SDR)统计模型。经验证，该模 型可用于估算紫色土丘陵区资料短缺小流域的输移比和产沙量。 关键词：分形理论；紫色土；自相似原理；输移比 文献标识码：A 文章编号：IOOO--288X(2O07)O6一O13O—O4 中图分类号：S157 Sediment Delivery Ratio and Spatial Scale Effect of Small Watershed in the Hilly Area of Central Sichuan Province GAO Xu—biao ，SUN Hou—cai ，ZHAO Yong-j un ，GAO Zhao—liang。 (1．Monitoring Centre of Soil and Water Conservation，Ministry of Water Resources，Beijing 100053，China； 2．Yangtze River Scientific Institute，Wuhan，Hubei 430010，China；3．Institute of Soil and Water Conservation， Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources，Northwest AUniversity，Shaanxi 712100，China) Abstract：According to the basic principles of fractal theory and spatial scale effect，Cesium--137 isotope tracer technique was used to measure annually averaged soil erosion modulus of small watershed in the hilly area with purple soil in Central Sichuan Province．Moreover，annually averaged deposition modulus of differ— ent small watersheds was investigated：The relation of sediment delivery ratio to rainwater collection area of small watershed was discussed．The statistical model of the relation between sediment delivery ratio and spa— tial scale effect of small watershed was constructed．The model can be used to estimate sediment delivery ra— tio and sediment yield of small data—lacked watershed