翻译 Negation.ppt

* * * 生如夏花 黄静 13英语（1） 9.5 Translation of Various Kinds of Negations 9.5.3 Double Negation （双重否定） 9.5.1 Partial Negation （部分否定） 9.5.4 Incomplete Negation （不完全否定） 9.5.5 Pleonastic Negation （多余否定） 9.5.2 Full Negation （全部否定） 9.5.6 Words and Phrases Implying Negation 文本 文本 文本 文本 Full Affirmative Partial Affirmative Full Negative all both everyone everybody everything everywhere always altogether entirely(wholly) some one or the other someone somebody something somewhere sometimes somewhat in some degree none (no) neither (nor) no one nobody nothing nowhere never nowise not at all 9.5.1 Partial Negation （部分否定） (1) Partial affirmative + not keeps the meaning partially affirmative: Some students are not here. ≈ Some students are here. (2) Not + full negative makes the meaning partially affirmative: Not many people have nowhere to live. = Most people have somewhere to live. 不是很多人没有地方住。 (3) “ Not for nothing ” makes the meaning partially negative or partially affirmative: She would not have done so for nothing. 没有一些意图，她是不会这样做的。 9.5.1 Partial Negation （部分否定） (4) Full affirmative + not / not + full affirmative makes the meaning partially affirmative or paritally negative: eg. all ... not ... = not all = some everybody ... not ... = not everybody = somebody always ... not ... = not always = sometimes All that glisters is not gold. (Shakespeare) 闪光的东西未必都是黄金。 A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom. 有学问的人并非都是有智慧的人。 9.5.1 Partial Negation （部分否定） not...and... not...and...的否定式，被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。 eg.He did not speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚，但不正确。 cf.He did not speak clearly or correctly. 他讲的既不清楚，也不正确。 —如果将and换成or，not对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。 Drill 1. Not all imperatives have no subjects. 不是所有的祈使句都没有主语。 — (2) Not + full negative makes the meaning partially affirmative. 2. All these investigations are not done for nothing. 这些调查并非都是白做的。