英国历史英文版.ppt

* * * * 英国简史 Early Settlers （5000BC-55BC） 1.The first known settlers of Britain were the Iberians.（人们所知的英国最早居民是伊比利亚人。） 2.The Celts began to arrive Britain about 700 BC.（约公元前700年，克尔特人来到不列颠岛。） Roman Britain 罗马统治下的英国（公元前55年—410年) 1、In 55BC and 54BC, Julius Caesar, a Roman general, invaded Britain twice. In AD 43, the Emperor Claudius invaded Britain successfully. For nearly 400 years, Britain was under the Roman occupation, though it was never a total occupation. 有记录的英国历史开始于罗马人的入侵。公元前55年和54年，罗马将军朱略斯?凯撒两次入侵英国，均未成功。直到公元43年，克劳锹才成功占领不列颠。将近四百年里，英国人处于罗马人的占领下，但这并非是完全的占领。 2、The Romans has brought the new religion ,Christianity , to Britain. 3、Romans has no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britain. Roman Britain 罗马统治下的英国（公元前55年—410年) The Anglo-Saxons 盎格鲁—撒克逊人（公元446—871年） 1. Basis of Modern English race: the Anglo-Saxons..盎格鲁—萨克逊时代（奠定了英国的基础） 2.The early Anglo-Saxons converted to Christianity.最早的盎格鲁—撒克逊人改信基督教。 3.The Early Anglo-Saxons make the contributions to the English state.早期盎格鲁—撒克逊人为英国做出的贡献。 The Norman Conquest 诺曼征服（公元1066年) The Norman Conquest of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history. In 1066, William the Conqueror landed in England and build the Norman Empire ,thus the feudal system was completely established. 1066年，诺曼底公爵威廉渡海征服英格兰，建立诺曼底王朝。 The Great Charter 1215年大宪章 The Beginning of Parliament 议会的雏形 The Great Council is known to be the prototype of the current British Parliament. In 1265, Simon de Montfort summoned the Great Council, together with two knights from each county and two citizens from each town. It later developed into the House of Lords and the House of Commons. Its main role was to offer advice. There were no elections or parties. And the most important part of Parliament was the House of Lords. 大议会是当今英国议会的原型。1265年，西门德孟福尔召开大议会，各县有两名骑士，各镇有两名市民参加。大议会发展到后来演变成议会，分为上议院和下议院。其作用是咨询而非决定；也没有选举和政党。议会的最重要的部分是上议院。 The Hundred Year’s War with France