语言学英文.pptVIP

Langue and parole One of Saussure’s central ideas Langue: the underlying system shared by all the speakers. Parole: the actual act of speaking Prescriptive and descriptive Prescriptivism prescribes rules. Descriptive linguistics describes data observed. Speech and Writing Linguists regard speech as primary, not the written. Synchronic and diachronic One of Saussure’s ideas The diachronic study: the study of the historical development of a language. The synchronic study: the study of a particular state of a language at some point of time. Syntagmatic and paradigmatic One of Saussu