新目标九年级第一单元.ppt

I learn Chinese by listening to How do you study Chinese? by speaking it every day . by reading it every day. (text books, newspapers, magazines, story books … ) by watching TV, by watching movies, by memorizing the words of pop songs. How do you learn English? by listening cassettes. by studying with a group. by watching English programs on TV. by enjoying English songs. by taking part in English classes. by getting an English tutor. by reading English magazines and newspaper. by surfing the Internet. by making flashcards. by reading the textbook. ??? by asking the teacher for help. by making vocabulary lists. by taking notes carefully. by having the English class carefully. by finishing my homework seriously. 1.by 的用法 介词，表示通过…方法或途径的意思，译成“靠，通过”，后面可加名词或名词短语。 e.g. 1) The house was destroyed by fire. 房屋被火烧毁了。 2) travel by air /land/sea. 航空（陆路，航海）旅行 3) go by train /boat/ bus 乘火车（船，公共汽车）去 4) shake sb. by the hand 和某人握手 5) I study English by watching English movies. 我通过看英文电影学英语。 另外, by作为介词的意义有很多, 例如: 1）在…旁边，靠近 e.g. There is a power station by the river. 河边有一个电厂。 2）沿着，经由 e.g. come by the highway 由公路来 3）由于 e.g. by mistake 由于差错 4）被，由 e.g. some articles written by Lu Xun. 一些由鲁迅写的文章 5）表示面积 e.g. a room 5m by 4m 一间长五米宽四米的房间 6）逐批 e.g. one by one 一个接一个 “How” questions How引导特殊疑问句有两种含义 1）表示问候，无须准确回答 e.g. How do you do? How are you? How is everything going? 2）表示“怎样” e.g. How is your new house? It’s great. 你的新房子怎么样？它太棒了。 How do you learn English? 你是怎样学习英语的？ I learn English by reading lots of English magazines. 我通过读大量英文杂志学习英文。 注意how 和what引导的疑问句是不一样的，不能混淆。 How 通常对程度或方式进行提问，意为“怎么样”，回答通常做状语或表语。 What常对动作的发出者或接受者进行提问，意为“什么”，回答通常做主语或宾语。 比较： 1. How is your summer holiday? It is perfect. (表示程度，做表语)