熔盐法(英文)概要1.pptVIP

Molten Salt Synthesis of Ceramic Powders * * Introduction on the molten salt synthesis Fundamentals of molten salt synthesis Preparation procedure and formation of product particles Reaction rate and powder characteristics Morphology of powders Equilibrium and growth forms Shape of particles during reaction and particle-growth stage Topochemical micro-crystalline conversion Summary Content * MSS KCl NaCl K2SO4 Na2SO4 0.635Li2SO4-0.365Na2SO4 Melting points The role of the molten salts to increase the reaction rate and lower the reaction temperature to increase the degree of homogeneity to control particle size to control particle shape to control the agglomeration state * Procedure reactant powders (SrCO3+Nb2O5) salt (KCl) stable readily available inexpensive easily washed away with water The amount of salt: fill the interstices of the reactant particles and to coat the reactant surfaces temperature heating rate duration hot water magnetic stirring * Supersaturation Relation between the composition and the molar free energy of liquid phase The supersaturation is given by S=[A][B]/[A]e[B]e-1 where [A] and [B] are the actual concentration of A and B, [A]e and [B]e is the equilibrium concentration of A and B, respectively. Reaction stage: S is high Particle-growth stage: S is zero Particle-growth stage * Reaction rate The rate of Ostwald ripening depends on diffusion coefficient solubility atomic structure of the particle surfaces Homogeneity Low degree of aggregation * Morphology Chemical composition and reaction conditions Degree of supersaturation Growth rate of each crystallographic face Particle shape (a) The Wulff plot (b) the depth of cusp (c) the energy of steps on surface A is related to the difference γB-γA Equilibrium form Growth form (a) Schematic representation of processes involved in crystal growth (b) Kossel model of crystal surface * Morphology Growth form A B P Solution-precipitation process Mechanism 1 Solution-diffusion process Mechanism 2 Equ