有爱的风景是故乡.docVIP

有爱的风景是故乡 　　There is a big difference between “place” and“landscape”， even though the words are often used interchangeably1. The original meaning of“landscape” came from 17th-century artistic discourse. It referred to “a picture representing natural inland scenery” and the term has continued to be associated with visual perceptions of land. Regardless of the scope of its perspective， whether small or large， landscape includes awareness of how the land has been shaped by human or natural agencies. It is not “wilderness”. It is not “pristine”.2 “Place” is more personal and multidimensional altogether. It is temporal as well as spatial， because it thickens with personal memories， local stories，history and archaeology.3 It’s not just a question of how things look， but of how things feel to those who know it well. 　　Postcodes and map coordinates offer precise locations， but don’t fully distinguish one place from another. The feelings associated with local stories and histories become attached to particular features―triumph or humiliation on the school sports field； tender trysts beneath the cherry trees； the proud hotel that once opened its doors to celebrity guests； the house wounded by the fatal fire.4 The stories that can cluster around ordinary features usually remain invisible to outsiders， and even events startling enough to hit the national headlines rapidly become yesterday’s news.5 People passing through see little of the life within those streets. For those looking on from a distance， buildings are houses， not homes. They might be architectural gems in stunning surroundings，6 but they won’t possess the intimate associations that transform landscape into place. 　　William Wordsworth7 thought that landscapes should become places. He grew up in the English Lake District8， but it was personal experience and the stories of those who lived there that mattered most to Wordsworth. Many of his poems recreate the hidden lives of those who left their traces on the land；