TheEffectsofCopyrightEnforcement讲解.doc

The Effects of Copyright Enforcement On Production and International Trade in Copyright Products C. Ann Hollifield Tudor Vlad Lee B. Becker University of Georgia, USA Presented to the Communication, Policy Technology Section IAMCR Istanbul, Turkey July 13-17, 2011 annholli@ tvlad@ lbbecker@ The Effects of Copyright Enforcement On Production and International Trade in Copyright Products During the past 30 years, innovation, technology development, and knowledge-based industries have emerged as the engines of global economic growth. Economists and policy makers recognize that information is now arguably the primary input into economic processes (Melody, 1985; Kelly, 1997; Stiglitz, 1999; Michalski, Miller Stevens, 1999) and that the legal regimes surrounding information ownership, access, and distribution essentially structure the bottom of the national and international economic-value chains (Porter, 1985). Within the knowledge economy, there are at least four points at which information intersects with other economic processes to create value: creation, production, distribution, and innovation. Economists argue that timely access to emerging information is now a necessary condition for successful participation in the global economy, while developing nations recognize that the content and information-production industries will be among the most robust and valuable industries of the 21st century. This essential shift in the structure of the global economy, which is often called a “knowledge economy,” remains poorly defined and imperfectly understood. That the phenomenon is real, however, is generally accepted, even as economists acknowledge that they remain uncertain how to measure such intangible factors as information, knowledge, innovation, and their effects on the larger economy (Shapiro, Price Mayer, 2000). But there is little doubt that, in the future, the economic strength and social and political stability of nations will depend in large m