翻译基础句式转换11.pptVIP

第八讲 句式转换 The similarities between men are finally much greater than the differences. All members of the species share primal attributes of perception and response which are manifest in speech utterances and which can therefore be grasped and translated. --- George Steiner: After Babel “翻译腔” translationese Dictionary of Translation Studies收录了translationese词条,并将其定义为 “A general pejorative term used to refer to TL usage which because of its obvious reliance on features of SL is perceived as unnatural, impenetrable or even comical.” (“通常来说是一个贬义术语,用来指因明显依赖源语的语言特色而让人觉得不自然,费解甚至可笑的目标语用法。”)  句式改造 总的说来，就是根据原文内容和逻辑关系，把原句中的各种成分分解开来，按照汉语的句子结构和表达习惯重新安排。 转换句式 调整语序 将英语简单句中的某一成分扩展成子句 将英语复合句和并列句压缩成简单句 主谓结构的确定 译文中主谓结构的确定 The railroad industry’s inability to adjust prices during the rapid inflation of the 1970s caused a quarter of them to go bankrupt. Fear of the bombers （轰炸机）had cleared the bay. 语序的调整 汉语：固定 英语：灵活 连接词 这一区别决定了许多英语句子的修饰成分或附属成分在译成汉语时，需要移到核心成分的前面。 Nothing has happened since we parted. From $6.1 billion in 1981, the U.S. deficit with Asia’s four tigers last year reached $37 billion, or 22% of the total U.S. trade deficit. Perhaps no other thing has such power to lift the poor out of his poverty, the wretched out of his misery, to make the burden-bearer forget his burden, the sick his suffering, the sorrow his grief, the downtrodden his degradation, as books. 倒装句 Little did I then know the meaning of war and what it was in reality. 句式转换 The boy was watching the stream rising from the kettle when he conceived an idea. A began as an online bookstore, though it soon diversified its product lines. Unlike many other industrialized countries, the United States is largely self-sufficient in raw materials. Japan and Western Europe, which depend heavily on food imported from the United States, have been struck much harder by commodity inflation. 句式转换更多的是从句性质的转换，这是因为从句与主句在字面或结构上的关系反映的不是真正的逻辑关系，而是随着语境发生了变化。 定语从句的转换 It is parti