世界现代前期科技史二（World modern science and technology history two）.doc

世界现代前期科技史二（World modern science and technology history two） The history of modern science and technology in the world 2. The change of the engine and the promotion of transportation The steam engine, as a powerful industrial power machine, has been changed since the invention of the 18th century The advance of the industrial revolution had a great effect on the industrial revolution and led to the development of trains and ships In Ming dynasty. Subsequently, the land and water transportation industry has been rapidly applied. But the steam engine was there again Many of the difficulties that are difficult to overcome, such as low efficiency (usually 5-8% in thermal efficiency), slow speed, and volume Large, slow operation, poor security (often explodes). Because of its performance difficulties, Therefore, it is not easy to promote on a larger scale, and the application is limited. Therefore, people pray for invention Think of the engine. On August 29, 1859, American mining engineer Derek drack used it in Pennsylvania The underground drilling rig hit the worlds first oil well, and since then oil has become an important part of the chemical industry Raw materials also provide energy for the development of internal combustion engines. In this case, the internal combustion engine should be transported She gave birth to. 1. Invention and development of internal combustion engine When it comes to the invention of the internal combustion engine, it is said that the artillery has given people important enlightenment, even to say Artillery is the embryo of an internal combustion engine. It is famous physics to study the power mechanism of gun principle Home huygens. The conditions for the invention of the internal combustion engine were not available, and the result was that the internal combustion engine was supposed to be steaming Before the steam engine, the internal combustion engine was born after the steam engine. (1) the success of the gas engine from the advent of t