therebe讲解最终版346.docxVIP

A1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。A2. 结构： (1) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语. (2) There are + 复数名词 + 地点状语.?there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。（就近原则）eg.?① There is a bird in the tree.?? 树上有一只鸟。② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.? 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。（就近原则）③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。（就近原则）A3.?There be句型与have的区别：?? There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。??eg. ①He has two sons.他有两个儿子。②There are two men in the office.?办公室里有两个男人。A4. There +be+主语+修饰/说明成分(一) there be ＋主语+to do修饰语，用来修饰主语的不定式可以用被动形式，也可以用主动形式。在口语中多用主动形式。但是有时候两种形式可能表示不同的意思。There is no time to lose ／to be lost．试比较：There is nothing to see（nothing worth seeing）．There is nothing to be seen（nothing there at all）．(二) there be ＋主语+doing 修饰语There were 200children studying（＝who were studying）music.Is there anything planned（＝that has been planned）for tonight？(三) there be ＋主语+定语从句 (定语从句的关系代词做主语，也可以省略) There is something (that) puzzles me.There is a stranger (who) wants to see you.(四) there be ＋主语+同位语从句There came the news that the President had been murdered.A5.句型转换一：否定句? There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not即可。not a/an/any + n.(注意在改否定句的时候如肯定句中有some要改为any，一般疑问句变化也一样)例如：?There are some pictures on the wall. →There arent any pictures on the wall. ??? There is a bike behind the tree. → There isnt a bike behind the tree.There are no clouds in the sky．天上没有云。There was no water in the pond．池塘里一点水也没有。二：一般疑问句???? There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。看看下面两句是如何改头换面的吧：???? There is some water in the bottle. → Is there any water in the bottle????? There are some cakes on the table. →Are there any cakes on the table??三：特殊疑问句?There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：???? ①对主语提问：当主语是人时，用Whos+介词短语?；当主语是物时，用Whats + 介词短语?。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式is(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：???? There are many books over there. →Whats over there????? There is a little girl