2013新版新目标八上英语U-3初中英语语法——几个值得注意比较级句式.docVIP

比较级句式 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级。 一、形容词比较级的构成 1.构成的不规则变化: 2.构成的规则变化: 一、the+比较级, the+比较级此句型表示后者随着前者的变化而变化，意为“越……就越……”，前者相当于一个条件句，因此，要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如：The better I knew him, the more I liked him.我越了解他就越喜欢他。The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I’ll be able to answer them.题目越难我越答不出。 二、the+比较级+of the two表示“两者中较…的那个人或物”时，在比较级前加定冠词the。如：He is the taller of the two.他是两人中较高的那个。She was the more promising worker of the two.她是两人之中更有培养前途的工人。 三、比较级+and+比较级1、此句型表示“越来越…”，单音节形容词或副词用“-er+and +-er”，如：Things are getting better and better every day.情况一天天好起来。 2、此句型表示“越来越…”，多音节或部分双音节形容词或副词用“more and more+原形或less and less”。如：It’s becoming more and more difficult to find a job.找工作越来越困难了。Holiday nights are getting less and less expensive.假日机票越来越便宜了。 四、not +比较级+ than / no +比较级+ than比较级前加not，表示前者不如后者，与not as…as相当；比较级前加no是对两者的否定，意为“和……一样不……”，与neither…nor…或“as+相反意义的形容词或副词+as”相当。如：He is not taller than me.他不如我高。He is no taller than me.他同我一样不高。(即一样矮)His English is not better than mine.他的英语不如我的英语好。His English is no better than mine.他的英语同我的英语一样不好。(即一样差)You are not more careful than he is.你不如他仔细。You are no more careful than he is.你和他一样不仔细。(即一样粗心) 五、no more than与not more than两者均可表示数量，前者表示“仅仅”、“只不过”，强调少；而后者表示“不多于”、“至多”。如：This test takes no more than thirty minutes.这个测验只需30分钟。For thirty years, he had done no more than he had needed to. 30年来，他只干了他需要干的工作。He has not more than three children.他最多3个孩子(有或许还不到3个之意)。 六、no more…than与not more…than两者均可用于比较，前者表示对两者都否定，意为“同……一样不”(=neither ... nor)；而后者则指两者虽都具有某种特征，但程度不同，意为“不如”、“不及”(= not so ... as)。如：He is no more a writer than a painter.他不是画家，也不是作家。(= He is neither a painter nor a writer.)He’s no more able to read Spanish than I am.他和我都读不懂西班牙语。(=Neither he nor I am not read Spanish.)She is not more clever than he is.她不如他聪明。(= She is not so clever as he is.)This book is not more difficult than that one.这本书不比那本书更难。(This book is not so difficult as that one.) 七、no less than与not less than表示均可表示数量，前者意为“多达”、“有…之多”，强调多