2012美国大学生数学建模竞赛A题获奖论文(sponsored_by_Minzu_University_of_China_中央民族大学).pdfVIP

Classify Leaf Shape and Estimate for Leaf Mass We build a mathematical model to classify leaves and calculate the weight of leaves of a tree. First, we consider the reasons for forming various leaf shapes. Our answer is that the various leaf shapes are response to the various environmental factors such as carbon dioxide, temperature and water. After investigating the vertical distribution and the level distribution of natural zones in Alps and China, we make the conclusion that the size of shape is in negative relation with the carbon dioxide level, while positive with temperature and the amount of water. Next, in order to figure out whether the shapes maximize exposure, we analyze leaf mosaic and get the answer ‘yes’. And by comparing the surface leaves and the leaves below, we know that the distribution of leaves do influence leaf shape since the surface leaves are generally smaller and have more complex edges in order to let the sunlight penetrate to the leaves below, while the leaves below are larger and have relatively simpler margin . Then, to analyze the relationship between leaf shape (LS) and tree profile (TP), we build a simple linear regression model. First, we assume that there are 5 kinds of LS and 8 kinds of TP and transfer them to numbers. Then we investigate 120 kinds of trees randomly selected from a botany encyclopedia and classify their LS and TP by labeling numbers. From the scatter, we find that the two variables are positively correlated. Thus we build a simple linear regression model and get the linear regression equation y 1.3567x  0.6536 ( y stands for TP, x stands for LS). And since the regression coefficient is 1.3567, we can come to the conclusion that leaf shape is, to a large extent, similar to the general profile of tree. Finally we m