新人教原创高考英语阅读理解的猜词技.ppt

2006年英语科考试大纲 理解主旨要义； 理解文中具体信息； 根据上下文推断生词的词义； 作出简单判断和推理； 理解文中的基本结构； 理解作者的意图和态度。 根据上下文推测生词的词义是高考阅读理解部分主要考查的内容之一。正确理解、掌握所读材料中单词或短语的含义是理解文意的首要环节，但单词或短语的含义并不是固定的，同一单词（短语）往往会随语境的不同而改变其意义。所以除了要有扎实的语言基本功，较高的分析、综合能力外，还必须具备科学的解题方法和解题技巧。 猜测词义题的命题特点 1.考查内容以名词、名词短语和动词、动词短语为主，兼顾代词的考查；题量由2—4道题不等；既考查生词也考熟词新义。 2.所考查的单词或短语在文中用下划线标明，或以斜体字的形式出现。 3.有从猜词义过渡到猜句义的趋势。这在2005、2006年新增加的单独命题省份的试卷中表现得尤为突出。 词义猜测题常用提问方式有： The word 〝…〞refers to/ probably means/could best be replaced by____. The word 〝…〞is most likely to mean____. What do you think the expression 〝…〞 stands for? By saying 〝…〞we mean _____. 〝…〞, as used in the passage, can be defined as _____. 词义猜测题常用解题方法： 定义法 对比法 因果法 常识联想法 * * Can you guess the meanings of the following words? He is a resolute man. Once he made up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway. A. strong B. firm C. kind D. clever 2. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest 3. The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbors all call her an eccentric lady. A. 爱猫的 B.古怪的 C.闲不住的 D.动物保护主义者 4. In many countries there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth. A. 便士 B. 温饱 C. 赤贫 D.虚弱 5. Mrs. Smith is loquacious while her husband is the silent type. A. 活泼的 B.好动的 C.多嘴多舌的 D. 可爱的 B. firm A. work B.古怪的 C. 赤贫 C.多嘴多舌的 要求考生读懂(熟悉的有关日常生活话题的 简短文字材料,例如) 公告、说明、广告以及 书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。 考生应能： 根据上下文推断生词的词义； 例举法 语境线索法 标点格式暗示法 构词法 Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. It will be very hard but also very brittle--- that is, it will break easily. The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. A strict vegetarian is a person who never eats meat in his life. 定义法：一般通过定义、定语从句、同位语短语或从句等来确定词义。有时通过or, that is, that is to say, namely, in other words等来释义。需要解释的单词和短语大多是专有名词、生僻词或文中较重要的词。 She is u