BranchesofGeomatics测绘学的分支.docx

Branches of Geomatics测绘学的分支Geodesy/Geodetic Surveying 大地测量学The type of surveying that takes into account the true shape of the earth is called geodetic surveying.This type of survey is suited for large areas and long lines and is used to find the precise location of basic points needed for establishing control for other surveys.考虑地球真实形状的测量工作称为大地测量.这种测量适用于大范围和长距离的测量工作，用来确立基本点的精确位置，用以建立其他测量工作所需的控制网。?geodesy[d?i:?d?s?]大地测量学geodetic[?d??rdet?k]大地测量学precise[pr??sa?s]清晰的；?精确的；?正规的；?精密Topographic Surveying 地形测量学Topographic?surveys?are?made?to?determine?configuration?(relief)?of?the?earths?surface?and?to?locate?nature?and?cultural?features?on?it?.By?means?of?various?lines?and?conventional?symbols,topographic?maps?are?produc--ed?from?survey?data.?A?topographic?map?isa?large-scale?representation?of?a?portion?of?the?earths?surface?showing?culture,relief,hydrography,and?perhaps?vegetation.地形图地形测量用来确定地球表面的形状，定位自然和人文地物。通过各种线条和规定的符号，就可以根据测量数据绘制地形图。地形图是大比例表示部分地球表面的人工建筑，救灾，水文，也许植被。topographic?[?t?p?ɡr?f?k]地形图configuration[k?n?f?gj??re??n]布局，构造conventional[k?n?v?n??n?l]传统的；?习用的，平常的large-scale[?lɑrd??skel]大比例尺的representation[?r?pr?z?n?te??n]表现；?陈述hydrography[ha?dr?gr?f?]水文地理学vegetation?[?v?d???te??n]植被Photogrammetry摄影测量学Photogrammetry can be defined as the art,science,and technology of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and the environment by recording, measuring and interpreting photographic images.摄影测量可以定义为通过记录、量测和解读相片来获取关于物理实体及环境的可靠信息的科学和技术。phtogrammetry[?fo?t?gr?m?tri:]摄影测量学photographic[?fo?t??gr?f?k]摄影（术）的；?摄影用的Engineering Surveying工程测量学Engineering?surveying?is?the?measurement?of?all?kinds?of?engineering?design?in?the?planning,?construction?and?operation?management?of?the?subject?stage. 工程测量学是研究各种工程在规划设计、施工建设和运营管理阶段所进行的各种测量工作的学科。construction[k?n?str?k??n]建筑物；?建造；?解释；?建造物Hydrographic Surveying 海洋测绘学Hydrographic surveying is the study on the theory and method of measuring and chart compilation performed in ocean water and seabed for discipline.海洋测绘学是研究以海洋水体和海底为对象