DL_BT03_C1_P1 网络基础 V1.1 91p.pptVIP

* Layer 2 of 2: Purpose: This answers to the exercise are given in the figure. Note: Students can also find the answers to this exercise in the “Answers” appendix. * Layer 1 of 2: Purpose: Have the students calculate the subnet numbers and the broadcast address for each subnet from the given IP addresses and subnet masks. * Layer 2 of 2: Purpose: This answers to the exercise are given in the figure. Note: Students can also find the answers to this exercise in the “Answers” appendix. * 定义子网掩码的时候，我们作出了假设，在整个网络中将一致地使用这个掩码。在许多情况下，这导致浪费了许多主机地址。 比如我们有一个子网，它通过串口连接了2个路由器。在这个子网上仅仅有两个主机，每个端口一个，但是我们已经将整个子网分配给了这两个接口。这将浪费很多IP地址 如果我们使用其中的一个子网，并进一步将其划分为第2级子网，将有效地“建立子网的子网”，并保留其他的子网，则可以最大限度地利用IP地址。建立子网的子网”的想法构成了V L S M的基础。 为使用V L S M，我们通常定义一个基本的子网掩码，它将用于划分第1级子网，然后用第2级掩码来划分一个或多个主要子网。 V L S M仅仅可以由新的路由协议，如BGP或O S P F或RIP v2 识别。 静态路由支持VLSM。 * 增加三层交换机的介绍 * Slide 1 of 1 Purpose: Emphasize: The next few slides discuss the basic function of a bridge/switch. 1. How it learns the location of the hosts by reading the source mac address of incoming frames. 2. How it makes forwarding/filtering decisions. Three conditions when a switch will flood a frame out on all ports except to the port where the frame came in on: Unknown unicast address Broadcast frame Multicast frame 3. How STP is used to avoid loops in a switched/bridged network. * Slide 1 of 1 Purpose: Emphasize: The 1900en max mac address table size is 1024. Once the table is full, it will flood all new addresses until existing entries age out. The command to change the mac address table aging time is: wg_sw_a(config)#mac-address-table aging-time ? 10-1000000 Aging time value The default is 300sec. The MAC address table is also referred to as the CAM table (Content Address Memory) on some switches. * Slide 1 of 1 Purpose: Emphasize: * Slide 1 of 1 Purpose: Emphasize: Once C replies, the switch will also cache station C’s MAC address to port E2 as shown in the next slide. * Slide 1 of 1 Purpose: Emphasize: * S