科学家 芭芭拉（Scientist Barbara）.docVIP

科学家 芭芭拉（Scientist Barbara） (Barbara, McClintock) born in the United States in 1902. Graduated from Cornell University. He was a teaching assistant at University of Missouri. Since 1941, he has served as a research fellow at the Carnegie institute. Mainly engaged in genetic studies of the phenomenon of corn fruit spots, published the movement of the control gene theory. 1983 Nobel prize in physiology and medicine. In the development of modern genetics, the two most important discovery, found that the jumping gene double helix structure of DNA and Mcclintock for the 1953 Wahson and Crick (transposable element); compared to Wahson and Crick won the 1962 Nobel prize in physiology or medicine Shu Rong, Mcclintocks fate is clearly more bumpy; Barbara in 1951. Mcclintock in the Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on the topic of chromosome structure and gene expression, to open its six years of hard work and research results of jumping gene theory. The theory says that the chromosomes of maize contain jumping genes that can move on the chromosomes, which can control or influence the expression of certain structural genes. Because of the general concept of gene genetics community is quite stable, and that jump gene theory is just Barbara own fantasy; Barbara again on 1956 at Cold Spring Harbor symposium, describes his jumping gene theory and the relevant mechanisms, and this time she faces is no longer ignored, is merciless ridicule, criticism and attack therefore, Barbara, the choice of loneliness, no papers, no longer participate in academic seminars. Until the end of the 1970s, with the further development of molecular biology, her theory was gradually attention and recognition, in 1983, won the Nobel prize in physiology or medicine for sure, she published distance jumping gene theory, has been thirty years. Her early colleagues, maize geneticist M, Lueders said: I know many famous scientists, but only one, I think it is a distinguished scientist, is undoubtedly Mcclintock. Har