我国西南喀斯特植物生态适应性及石漠化治理.pdf

植物生态学报 2011, 35 (10): 991–999 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00991 Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 我国西南喀斯特植物生态适应性与石漠化治理 * 郭 柯 刘长成 董 鸣 中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093 摘 要 我国西南喀斯特地区生态脆弱, 石漠化问题严重, 植被恢复/重建的难度极大。为此, 近年来开展了许多基础性研究, 以求为石漠化治理提供科技支撑。该文概略介绍了该地区喀斯特生境的特点, 回顾和评述了喀斯特生境中植物适应性、植物 种群、植物群落和生态系统生态学方面取得的主要研究进展, 并结合石漠化综合治理的现状, 提出了喀斯特植物生态学研究 的几点期望。 关键词 钙质土, 干旱胁迫, 生境异质性, 喀斯特, 养分限制 Ecological adaptation of plants and control of rocky-desertification on karst region of South- west China * GUO Ke , LIU Chang-Cheng, and DONG Ming State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China Abstract Karst region of Southwest China is ecologically very fragile. It has been suffering from severe rock-desertification and its vegetation has been damaging heavily. The restoration or reconstruction of the vegetation is extremely dif- ficult. In recent years, a lot of pure and application-oriented basic researches have been performed in order to sci- entifically and technologically support the management of the rock-desertification. In this paper, we summarize habitat characteristics of the karst region and review the progress in ecological researches on plant adaptation, plant population, plant community and ecosystem in the region. In addition, as for current situation in manage- ment of the rock-desertification, we propose, particularly from angle of plant ecology, expectations for further researches in the region. Key words calcium soil, drought stress, habitat heterogeneity, karst, nutrient limit 我国西南喀斯特地区面积达50多万km2, 是全 生态系统科学管理的需要开展了大量的研究。从最 球喀斯特集中分布区面积最大、岩溶发育最强烈、 初的地质、地貌形成和水文特性领域逐渐扩展到了 景观类型复杂、生物多样性丰富、