国外中-新元古界油气资源分布-石油学报.DOCVIP

文章编号： 论中-新元古界的原生油气资源 王铁冠1 韩克猷2 （1. 中国石油大学油气资源与探测国家重点实验室 北京 102249； 2. 中国石油西南油气田分公司勘探开发研究院 四川成都 610051） 摘要：在全球范围内，西伯利亚、非洲、东欧、印度、阿拉伯、澳大利亚等克拉通，均有中-新元古界至下寒武统原生油气与油气藏的报道，特别是东西伯利亚与阿曼两地，现探明的油气储量业已达到十亿吨级至亿吨级油当量的规模，证明中-新元古界的原生油气仍是一个值得关注的能源资源领域。中国中-新元古界，乃至下古生界，热演化程度普遍处于过成熟状态，不利于液态石油的保存，目前尚未发现其原生油田，但是，在一些地区已发现大量中-新元古界油苗，或大规模的沥青脉，剖析其中-新元古界的含油性，有利于指导中-新元古界原生油气资源的勘探。以扬子克拉通川西北龙门山前山带，以及华北克拉通燕山北部坳陷带为例，由于上覆沉积盖层累计厚度较薄，中-新元古界无深埋经历，或者岩石圈异常增厚，形成“冷圈、冷盆”的地质条件，中-新元古界原生烃类始终处于石油“液态窗”内，仍有利于中-新元古界原生油气资源的保存。 关键词：中-新元古界；原生油气；西伯利亚；冀北坳陷 On Meso-Neoproterozoic primary petroleum resources Wang Tieguan1 HAN Keyou2 (1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China; 2. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration Development, PetroChina Southwest Oil-Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610051, China) Abstract: In view of global scale, primary oil and gas reservoirs of the Meso-Neoproterozoic, and even the Lower Cambrian, have been reported in cratons of Siberia, Africa, East Europe, India, Arabia and Australia, especially in the East Siberia and Oman regions, so far the proved oil and gas reserves are up to a scale of 108 t to 109 t of oil equivalents, which testifies that the Meso-Neoproterozoic petroleum is an energy resource realm worthy of notice. In China, the thermal evolution levels of the Meso-Neoproterozoic, and even the Lower Palaeozoic strata are commonly in overmature phase unfavorable for the preservation of liquid oils, thus, Meso-Neoproterozoic primary oilfields are not yet discovered up to now. However, a large number of oil seepages and/or large scale bituminous veins are found in the Meso-Neoproterozoic, the analysis of the primary petroleum prospectivity would be helpful to guiding the exploration of Meso-Neoproterozoic oil and gas resources. The cumulative thickness of overlying sedimentary covers is not big enough so that the Meso-Neoproterozoic strata have never been deeply buried, or the lithosphere is unusually thick