原创力文档Computational Interpretations of the Gricean Maxims in the Generation of Referring Expressions：（计算解释Gricean格言的代指表达式）.pdfVIP
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COGNITIVE SCIENCE 18, 233-263 (1995)
Computational Interpretations
of the Gricean Maxims
in the Generation of Referring Expressions
ROBERT DALE
Microsoft Institute for Advanced Software Technology, Australia
EHUD REITER
CoGenTex Inc., Ithaca, NY
We examine the problem of generating definite noun phrases that are appropri-
ate referring expressions: that is, noun phrases that (a) successfully identify the
intended referent to the hearer whilst (b) not conveying to him or her any false
conversational implicatures (Grice, 1975). We review several possible computa-
tional interpretotions of the conversational implicature maxims, with different
computational costs, and argue that the simplest may be the best, because it
seems to be closest to what human speakers do. We describe our recommended
algorithm in detail, along with a specification of the resources a host system must
provide in order to make use of the algorithm, and an implementation used in the
natural language generation component of the IDAS system.
1. INTRODUCTION
One of the most ubiquitous tasks in natural language generation is the
generation of referring expressions: phrases that identify particular domain
entities to the human recipient of the generation system’s output. In this
article, we examine the task of generati
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