先天性心脏病的原因及预防（Causes and prevention of congenital heart disease）.docVIP

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先天性心脏病的原因及预防（Causes and prevention of congenital heart disease）.doc

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先天性心脏病的原因及预防（Causes and prevention of congenital heart disease） According to reports, the birth defect rate of children in China is between 10 per thousand and 25 per thousand, that is to say, our country is born about 300 thousand to 40 children each year with obvious birth defects. If screening through the instrument, the birth defect each year can reach 550 thousand to 600 thousand. Among them, congenital heart disease accounts for 22.7% of birth defects, leading to the death of children under 5 years of age. Because congenital heart disease is more harmful to infants and young children, it has aroused widespread attention in the medical circles all over the world in recent years, and Research on congenital heart disease has also made gratifying achievements. Since 1999, Chinas Family Planning Commission has gradually extended the birth defect intervention project throughout the country. Congenital heart disease is now known to be mainly related to the following factors. 1. Chromosome abnormalities and single gene mutations in normal human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes, one of each pair is derived from the father and the other from the mother. In 23 pairs of chromosomes, there are 22 pairs of chromosomes, and only 1 pairs are sex chromosomes of different sexes. A chromosomal aberration is a number of aberrations or structural aberrations resulting from loss, duplication, or rearrangement of genetic material. Congenital heart disease caused by this chromosomal abnormality accounts for about 5% of congenital heart disease and is often accompanied by malformations of other organs except the heart. Single gene mutation refers to certain natural conditions and human environment, individual bases in each gene sequence by another nucleotide substitution or one or two single nucleotide changes, change the base sequence, resulting in altered gene function. Heart disease caused by single gene mutation accounts for about 2% of the total number of congenital heart di