金属的分类（Classification of metals）.docVIP

金属的分类（Classification of metals） The performance of metal materials for more rational use of metal materials, to fully play its role, performance must master the components made of various metallic materials should possess under normal working conditions (performance) and its performance in hot and cold processing materials should have (process performance). The properties of materials include physical properties (such as specific gravity, melting point, conductivity, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, magnetism, etc.), chemical properties (durability, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance), and mechanical properties, also known as mechanical properties. The technological properties of materials refer to the ability of materials to adapt to cold and hot working methods. (1) mechanical properties Mechanical properties refer to the characteristics of metallic materials under external force. 1, strength: material in the external force (load) under the action of resistance to deformation and fracture. Nominal stress per unit area of material. 2, the yield point (o s) said: the yield strength refers to the material in the stretching process, the stress reaches a critical value, but no increase in load deformation continues to increase or 0.2%L. The stress value is expressed in Newtons / mm 2 (N/mm2). 3, the tensile strength (o b) is also called the ultimate strength under tensile material before the maximum stress. Units are expressed in Newtons / mm 2 (N/mm2). 4 elongation: the percentage of total elongation to the original gauge length after tensile fracture. The 5 section shrinkage (PSI) material in tensile fracture, the largest section area and the original narrow basal area percentage. 6 hardness: refers to the material resistance to other hard material pressure on the surface of the ability, commonly used hardness according to its range measured distribution hardness (HBS, HBW) and Rockwell hardness (HKA, HKB, HRC). 7, impact toughness (Ak): material resi