南美白对虾虾头中磷脂提取工艺的优化.PDFVIP

※工艺技术 食品科学 2011, Vol. 32, No. 24 11 边晶晶，谢 晶，陈舜胜 * (上海海洋大学食品学院，上海 201306) 以南美白对虾虾头为原料，研究利用正己烷- 异丙醇混合溶剂提取虾头中的磷脂。以磷脂相对提取率为评 价指标，在单因素试验的基础上进行正交试验，确定优化提取工艺条件为：正己烷与异丙醇的混合比为 3:1( V/ V) 、 料液比 l:8(g/mL) 、提取时间2h 、提取温度40 ℃，此条件下与经典氯仿- 甲醇法比较，相对提取率达98.11% 。磷 脂丙酮不溶物含量为 85.4%，乙醚不溶物含量为0.2% ，两项指标均高于一级浓缩磷脂的标准。通过薄层色谱分离 定性，共有 5 种磷脂，其中 4 种分别为磷脂酰乙醇胺、磷脂酰胆碱、神经鞘磷脂和磷脂酰丝氨酸，剩余一种尚 未确证。正己烷 - 异丙醇提取法安全、有效，为充分利用虾头等废弃物资源，从中提取磷脂提供了新的方法。 磷脂；南美白对虾；混合溶剂；丙酮不溶物；乙醚不溶物；薄层色谱 Optimization of Extraction Process for Phospholipids from Penaeus vannamei Head BIAN Jing-jing ，XIE Jing ，CHEN Shun-sheng* (College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China) Abstract ：Phospholipids extraction from the heads of Penaeus vannamei with a mixture of n-hexane and isopropyl alcohol was optimized by an orthogonal array design based on one-factor-at-a-time experiments. The extraction efficiency of phospho- lipids was investigated with respect to four process conditions including n-hexane/isopropyl alcohol volume ratio, material/liquid ratio, extraction time and temperature. The optimal values of the process conditions were determined to be 3:1, 1:8, 2 h and 40 ℃, respectively. Under these conditions, the extraction efficiency of phospholipids was 98.11% as calculated relative to the one obtained by the classic chloroform-methanol method. The insoluble residues of the phospholipids obtained by the optimized method in acetone and ether were 85.4% and 0.2%, respectively. Both indices exceeded the standard grade Ⅰof concentrated phospholipids. Five phospholipids were separated and characterized by thin-layer chromatography, including phosphatidyle- thanolamin