2015年考研英语一试题与答案(完美打印版).docVIP

2015年全国硕士研究生入学考试 HYPERLINK /en/ 英语一试题 We have more genes in common with people we pick to be our friends than with strangers. Though not biologically related, friends are as related as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is?1?a? HYPERLINK /releases/2014/07/140714152313.htm \t _blank study publishedfrom the University of California and Yale University in theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has?2 . The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted?3?1932 unique subjects which?4pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both?5. While 1% may seem?6?, it is not so to a geneticist. As co-author of the study James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego says, Most people do not even?7their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who?8?our kin. The team?9?developed a friendship score which can predict who will be your friend based on their genes. The study?also?found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity in olfactory genes is difficult to explain, for now.?10, as the team suggests, it draws us?11similar environments but there is more to it. There could be many mechanisms working in tandem that?12us in choosing genetically similar friends?13?functional kinship of being friends with?14?! One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving?15?than other genes. Studying this could help?16?why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major?17?factor. The findings do not simply corroborate peoples?18to befriend those of similar?et 19?backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to?20that all subjects, friends and strangers were taken from the same population. The team also controlled the data to check ancestry of subjects 1.[A] what [B] why [C] how [