第三章卫星信号与位置计算.pptVIP

GPS的组成 卫星运动及其轨道 GPS信号及导航电文 GPS卫星在轨位置的计算 ; GPS的组成;GPS segments;The space segment;The control segment;The user segment;GPS satellite generations; Although the design lifetime of Block I satellites was 4.5 years, some remained in service for more than 10 years. The last Block I satellite was taken out of service on November 18,1995. The second generation of the GPS satellites is known as Block II/IIA satellites (Figure 1). Block IIA is an advanced version of Block II, with an increase in the navigation message data storage capability from 14 days for Block II to 180 days for Block IIA. This means that Block II and Block IIA satellites can function continuously, without ground support, for periods of 14 and 180 days, respectively. A total of 28 Block II/IIA satellites were launched during the period from February 1989 to November 1997. Of these, 23 are currently in service. Unlike Block I, the orbital plane of Block II/IIA satellites are inclined by 55°with respect to the equator. ; The design lifetime of a Block II/IIA satellite is 7.5 years, which was exceeded by most Block II/IIA satellites. To ensure national security ,some security features, known as selective availability (SA) and anti-spoofing（A-S）,were added to Block II/IIA satellites .A new generation of GPS satellites, known as Block IIR ,is currently being launched (Figure 1).These replenishment(替补) satellites will be backward compatible（适合） with Block II/IIA, which means that the changes are transparent to the users. Block IIR consists of 21 satellites with a design life of 10 years. In addition to the expected higher accuracy, Block IIR satellites have the capability of operating autonomously for at least 180 days without ground corrections or accuracy degradation（降低）.The autonomous navigation capability of this satellite generation is achieved in part through mutual（相互） satellite ranging capabilities. ; In addition, predicted ephemeris and clock data for a period of 210 days are