unit7 The Laws of Cyberspace课文加翻译.docx

The Laws of Cyberspace: What Colleges Need to Know 网络世界的法律：高校须知 Continued incidents of misuse of the Internet on college campuses suggest that we need to reexamine our existing approaches to the problem. For the most part, colleges and the universities (much like legislators) have addressed misuse of the Internet as though it were an entirely new issue. In reality, however, it is simply a new form of an old problem: how to handle abuses of free speech and similar types of misconduct. 大学校园里滥用互联网的现象层出不穷，这暗示我们必须重新审视一下现行的解决滥用网络问题的方法。大多数情况下，学院和大学（还有立法者）把滥用网络作为一个新问题来讨论。其实这只是换汤不换药的事：如何处理言论自由权的滥用和类似的不当行为。Hardly anyone uses computers to compute anymore. Instead, we use them to communicate. Every day on our campuses, students and faculty and staff members use our computer systems and networks to disseminate far more texts and images than the New York Times, far more than NPR, and far more video than NBC. They are sending far more electronic mail than paper mail and engaging in far more electronic discussions than telephone calls. And their electronic messages have a far wider audience than any of the more traditional forms of communications. In effect, people on our campuses are acting as international publishers and broadcasters. 如今，几乎没有人用计算机来计算，取而代之的是，我们用它来沟通交流。每天在校园里，学生、教师、员工都在使用电脑和网络。他们传播的文字和图片信息远远多于纽约时报，分享的视频多于NPR（美国国家公共电台）、NPC（美国全国广播公司），发送的电子邮件多于纸质的信，参与的网上交流也多于电话联系。他们传播的网络讯息比任何一种传统的沟通方式更受欢迎。事实上，身处校园的我们正扮演着国际出版商和广播人员的角色。If computer users are engaged in the same kinds of communications as the traditional media are, it should come as no surprise that they also face the same long-standing legal issues and have the same well-settled legal responsibilities and liabilities in connection with those communications that traditional media or broadcasters. At best, only a handful of them are aware of the liable, copyright, obscenity, and other laws applicable to their activities on the Internet – let alone the finer points of the ―actual malice‖ doctrine, the Supreme Court’s l