黄增琼《有机化学》6、对映异构-蓝晓步.pptVIP

十三、对映异构体与生理活性 (-)-氯霉素——抗生素； (+)-氯霉素——无抗菌作用 (-)-多巴——治疗帕金森症 (+)-多巴——无效，有毒 * * 沙利度胺事件（海豹儿） (S)-(-)-沙利度胺 致畸 (R)-(+)-沙利度胺 安全的止吐剂 Summary 1. Molecules that are not identical to their mirror images and thus exist in two enantiomeric forms are said to be chiral (hand). 2. Molecules that have symmetric plane or center must be achiral. Achiral molecules are optically inactive, whereas chiral molecules are optically active. 3. A pair of enantiomers in equal amounts (racemates) is optically inactive. They can be separated into two enantiomers: one rotates plane-polarized light clockwise (dextrorotatory