中学英语教学研究语用学的意义三.PPT

A: I’d like to phone my friend Dagang. B: OK. You phone first, please. 正：After you. 英语中表示先礼让别人用“after you”, 而you go first是不得体的。 The speed of the car is fast. The car is speeding. The car is going too fast. --- May I know your name? --- Yes, you can. 问话的人是希望对方告知名字，但回答的人只是从字面上理解了对方的话。 d. 只了解字面意义，弄不清说话人的真正用意： ---Would you please close the window for me? --- Yes, I would. --- Tom, have you read Unit One twice? --- Yes, I have read Unit One twice. 在这里，用Yes.或Yes, I have.即可明确表达意思，但重复对方的话似乎有不耐烦的意思，我们的教学中为了让学生尝试复述句子，经常这样设计问题，应避免。 e. 滥用完整句，忽视完整句在特定场合下可能带来的特殊含义： f. 混淆同义结构的不同使用场合： Could you possibly help me with the luggage? Airport, please. 社交语用失误指交际中应不了解或忽视谈话双方的社会、文化背景差异而出现的表达失误。社交语用失误主要发生在跨文化交际过程中。 II. 社交语用方面的失误 Dr. Smith, you’ve made a wonderful lecture! I really appreciate your lecture, Dr. Smith. a. 举止方式差异导致社交语用失误： “Dr.Brown, You gave us such an attractive talk that I’d like to listen to you for another whole morning.” “I must say, I really appreciate your talk this morning, A: You are very beautiful in red, Mary. B: No, this red dress is old. I don’t think it’s beautiful. 正： Thank you. I am glad to hear it. Good morning, Mr. … b.称呼差异引起社交语用失误： Hello, Teacher Johnson. C. 价值观念差异、文化差异带来的社交语用失误： -what’s your name? -My name is Li. -How old are you? -I’m forty. -Where are you from? -I’m from Guangdong. Where are you from？ -I’m from Hunan. -Is your wife from Hunan,too? -No, she isn’t. She’s from Hubei. -Are you writing a letter to your wife? -Yes, I am. -How often do you write to your wife? -Once a week. Please sit down, Mrs Green. You’re old. -It’s cold outside. Put on your coat. -Thank you mumy. - Where are you going? - It’s none of your business. A: I enjoy the meal. B: good. Taste this. Eat slowly. Eat more. 正： Help yourself. - Thank you for your help. - It’s my duty. - It’s my pleasure. duty的含义是“责任在身，不得已而为之”，会使Tom误解成不是诚心情愿帮忙。 - Here is the b