高等传热学07.pdfVIP

Advanced Heat Transfer Advanced Heat Transfer 高等传热学-对流换热 Advanced Heat Transfer －Convection 北京建筑工程学院 Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture 1 Advanced Heat Transfer Advanced Heat Transfer Chapter 7 Principles of Convection §7-1 Introduction 1. 定义 对流：流体各部分之 间发生相对位移时， 冷热流体相互掺混所 引起的热量传递过程。 2 Advanced Heat Transfer Advanced Heat Transfer 对流换热：流体流过固体壁面时所发生的热 量传递过程。 特点：仅能发生在流体中；宏观位移；伴随导热； 对流换热机理与紧靠壁面的一层薄膜导热相关 3 Advanced Heat Transfer Advanced Heat Transfer 二、影响对流换热的因素 1.流动起因(The cause of motion) Forced convection Natural convection Mixed convection 4 Advanced Heat Transfer Advanced Heat Transfer 2.流体流动状态(The flow regimes) Laminar flow 流体力学实验：一滴红墨 水滴到流体中 Turbulent flow ρud Re 1883年，Reynolds η 5 Advanced Heat Transfer Advanced Heat Transfer Reynolds Tube Experiment (1883) 6 Advanced Heat Transfer Advanced Heat Transfer 7 Advanced Heat Transfer Advanced Heat Transfer 3.换热表面几何因素(The geometric factors) 内流（internal flow ） 形状（shape ） 外流（external flow ） 尺度(scale) 相对位置(relat