分析托福阅读文章从找主旨句开始.docxVIP

智课网TOEFL备考资料 分析托福阅读文章从找主旨句开始 摘要： 托福阅读段落本身长度就是一个问题，很多人在托福阅读文章中看到一段很长的段落心理就比较忐忑，其实托福阅读试题有时可能不需要一个字一个字理解。  托福 阅读段落本身长度就是一个问题，很多人在 托福阅读 文章中看到一段很长的段落心理就比较忐忑，其实托福阅读试题有时可能不需要一个字一个字理解。  托福阅读文章各个段落的主旨句一般是在每段的第一句话，后面的内容都是在对这个主旨句的解释说明，因此明白了这个句间关系，对于把握段落所讲内容和快速阅读文章有很大的帮助，前提条件是确定每个句子是如何具体来解释这个主旨句的。下面我们来看两个段落来分析一下。  The subjects of the paintings are mostly animals. The paintings rest on bare walls, with no backdrops or environmental trappings. Perhaps, like many contemporary peoples, Upper Paleolithic men and women believed that the drawing of a human image could cause death or injury, and if that were indeed their belief, it might explain why human figures are rarely depicted in cave art. Another explanation for the focus on animals might be that these people sought to improve their luck at hunting. This theory is suggested by evidence of chips in the painted figures, perhaps made by spears thrown at the drawings. But if improving their hunting luck was the chief motivation for the paintings, it is difficult to explain why only a few show signs of having been speared. Perhaps the paintings were inspired by the need to increase the supply of animals. Cave art seems to have reached a peak toward the end of the Upper Paleolithic period, when the herds of game were decreasing.  段落的第一句话说画的对象主要是动物，这是这个段落的主旨句，第二句是来解释为什么动物是主要的画的对象，可能是因为他们认为人物画会造成死伤，所以他们主要画动物。第二个解释是发现有的画有被矛刺过的裂痕，来说明他们可能是为了提高打猎是的运气，在画上练习，来说明为什么画的大部分是动物，因为是他们要练习打猎，提高命中率。第三个解释说是为了提高动物的供给，因为发现当猎物减少的时候，动物画到达了顶峰，没有什么就画什么想得到什么，这是对画的主要对象是动物的一个解释。整个段落就是对这个主旨句的解释，明白了这个，我们对于托福阅读试题中的小结题这个段落的主要内容就很容易选择了。  Watts steam engine soon showed what it could do. It liberated industry from dependence on running water. The engine eliminated water in the mines by driving efficient pumps, which made possible deeper and deeper mining. The ready availability of coal inspired William Murdoch during the 1790s to develop the first new form of nighttime illumination to be discovered in a millennium and a hal