8。绪论（8. Introduction）.docVIP

8。绪论（8. Introduction） Introduction I. The definition and research contents of Sports Anatomy Sports anatomy is the normal anatomy of human body based on human anatomy, influence, research on human motion morphology change and the law of development, explore a scientific relationship of mechanical motion and physical structure of the human body movement. The research of sports anatomy covers two major fields: macroscopic and microscopic. With the progress and development of science and technology, the study of sports anatomy has gradually been developed from the general system and organ level to the microscopic study of tissues, cells, subcellular and molecular levels. At present, the main research contents: (1) the influence of exercise on the morphology and structure of human body and the adaptation of human form structure to movement. In the past, more attention has been focused on the study of bone, joint and muscle. In recent years, a new research field has been opened up in cardiovascular, visceral, endocrine, nervous and sensory fields, and a series of achievements have been obtained. (two) morphology, structure and function of skeletal muscle. This is still one of the key subjects in sports anatomy research. It includes the study of muscle physiological cross-section, the study of skeletal muscle fiber type, the study of muscle working characteristics in joint movement, and the study of muscle effect in different physical exercises. These studies have some guiding significance for sports training, sports rehabilitation and sports health promotion. (three) morphological research on scientific selection of athletes. The selection of athletes relates to the athletes body shape, physical function, physical quality and psychological quality and other aspects, to explore the genetic mechanism of human growth and development, reveals the heritability of the human body movement ability and adaptability to exercise training, to carry out research on the body height, b