中国医科大学《生物化学》课件-Biological Oxidation 2011.pptVIP

Glycerol phosphate Shuttle ,p134 中文 p222 Malate-aspartate shuttle,p134 P222 中文 Photophosphorylation Section 3 Mitochondrial Diseases, p135 16,569 bp 13 proteins 2 rRNAs 22 tRNAs LHON Mutation 11,778 p121 Heteroplasmy p136 Summary Mitochondria structure,ATP Carriers,or transporters Oxidative phosphorylation Respiratory chain, Redox potential (E0’ ),P/O, Chemiosmotic,ATPase,Inhibitors, Glycerol phosphate shuttle, Malate-aspartate shuttle. * ,Redox potential (E0’ ), Mitochondria ,Carriers, etc phosphorylation Respiratory chain, Redox potential (E0’ ),P/O,Chemosmotic,ATPase,Inhibitors,Glycerol phosphate shuttle,Malate-aspartate shuttle. * For example: ATP powers the movement of muscles by transferring phophate to contractile proteins; 2.Glutamine synthesis * FIGURE 8-37 The phosphate ester and phosphoanhydride bonds of ATP. Hydrolysis of an anhydride bond yields more energy than hydrolysis of the ester. A carboxylic acid anhydride and carboxylic acid ester are shown for comparison. * Outer Membrane – Freely permeable to small molecules and ions. Inner membrane –Impermeable. Contains ETR, ATP synthase, transporters. Outer Membrane – Freely permeable to small molecules and ions. Inner membrane –Impermeable. Contains ETR, ATP synthase, transporters. FIGURE 19-1 Biochemical anatomy of a mitochondrion. The convolutions (cristae) of the inner membrane provide a very large surface area. The inner membrane of a single liver mitochondrion may have more than 10,000 sets of electron-transfer systems (respiratory chains) and ATP synthase molecules, distributed over the membrane surface. The mitochondria of heart muscle, which have more profuse cristae and thus a much larger area of inner membrane, contain more than three times as many sets of electron-transfer systems as liver mitochondria. The mitochondrial pool of coenzymes and intermediates is functionally separate from the cytosolic pool. The mitochondria of invertebrates, plants, and microbial eukaryotes are si