化学工程和工艺专业英语 中文不完全版.docVIP

Unit 16 Evaporation，Crystallization and Drying 3. Drying Drying is the removal of water, or other volatile liquids, by evaporation. Most solid materials require drying at some stage in their production. The overriding consideration in the selection of drying equipment is the nature and concentration of the feed. Drying is an energy-intensive process, and the removal of liquid by thermal drying will be more costly than by mechanical separation techniques. 3.干燥 干燥室用蒸发方法出去水和其他的挥发性液体。大部分在其生产时需要干燥。选择干燥设备的最主要的考虑因素是进料的本质及其浓度。干燥室能源密集型的过程。利用热干燥来除去液体的费用较利用机械技术的费用要高得多。 Except for a few specialized applications, hot air is used as the heating and mass transfer medium in industrial dryers. The air may be directly heated by the products of combustion of the fuel used (oil, gas or coal) or indirectly heated, usually by banks of steam-heated finned tubes. 除了几种特种的应用之外，热的空气在工业干燥器中用作加热和传质介质。空气可直接用所用燃料（石油、天然气和煤）的燃烧产物加热，或者间接加热，通常通过蒸汽加热的翅片管管道加热。 The basic types used in the chemical process industries are: 用于化学过程工业中的干燥器基本类型有： Tray dryers Batch tray dryers are used for drying small quantities of solids, and are used for a wide range of materials. The material to be dried is placed in solid bottomed trays over which hot air is blown; or perforated bottom trays through which the air passes. Batch dryers have high labor requirements, but close control can be maintained over the drying conditions and the product inventory, and they are suitable for drying valuable products. 板式干燥器 间歇板式干燥器用于干燥少量的固体。所适用的物料范围广。欲干燥的物料位于固体底板上，在固体底板上吹入热空气，欲干燥的物料位于穿了孔的底板上，热空气流经该底板。间歇干燥器劳动力要求高，但干燥条件和产物存货可以得到很好的控制。板式干燥器适合于干燥有价值的产物（品）。 Conveyor dryers (continuous circulation band dryers) In this type, the solids are fed on to an endless, perforated, conveyor belt, through which hot air is forced. The belt is housed in a long rectangular cabinet, which is divided up into zones, so that the flow pattern and temperature of the drying air can be controlled. The relative movement through the dryer of the solids and dr