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Approximating the Adiabatic Expansion of a Gas(近似绝热膨胀的气体)
*
Approximating the Adiabatic Expansion of a Gas
Jason D. Hofstein, PhD
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Siena College
515 Loudon Road
Loudonville, NY 12211
j hofstein@siena.edu
518-783-2907
Thermodynamic concepts
o Ideal gas vs. real gas
o Gas law manipulation
o The First Law of Thermodynamics
o Expansion of a gas
o Adiabatic processes
o Reversible/Irreversible processes
Pedagogical Skills
o Thermodynamic system definitions
o Recognizing process dynamics
o Use of proper thermodynamic assumptions
o Data analysis and interpretation
o Open design of experiment
o Cost saving measures in curriculum development
Using the demonstration to reinforce concepts and skills
The procedure
The demonstration procedure below was first described in 1819 by Desormes and Clement (1). It has
appeared in lab manuals (2, 3), physical chemistry texts (4 -10), and educational j ournal articles (11-
13):
We begin by allowing a gas to occupy a well insulated vessel, where the pressure (Pinitial) is a bit higher
than atmospheric pressure (Vinitial and Tinitial are known). The vessel is then opened and closed rapidly,
allowing the gas to escape at an intermediate pressure equal to atmospheric pressure (Pinter). The speed
with which this is done is crucial, because if there is appreciable heat loss to the surroundings, the
process can not be assumed to be adiabatic.
*
Hofstein, J., Ward, T., Perry, M., McCabe, D.; Modification of t
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